PhD Law Doctrine Pro 2025: Signature Pendulum (i4i) ≠ Flawed Lex-Talionis (Exodus 21:24)

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If (Hebrew failed Exodus 21:24), then (GB Crown shall learn (Pendulum Function (i4i) ≠ Flawed Exodus 21:24 @ cost woman ≠ Bio-Sex Exodus 2025)

If (Pendulum [i4i] ≠ Flawed Exodus 21:24), then (it shall be witnessed by GB-Crown behind the red-desk @ the music room)

If (failure be departed from stone throwers to recognize ET Hebrew Temple Mount),

then (those shall be vanish the second event and it shall be visible) Exodus 1750BC

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a. Have implications for policy formulation and practice, by seminally challenging the theoretical bases of current illusive strategies for establishing or voiding the expression of Rule-of-Law;

b. Seek fundamental assumptions taken for granted in Rule-of-Law practice may have to be scrutinized and falsified;

c. Give cause for pause to the void Rule-of-Law base illusive Rule-of-Time, and the veracity of current reform strategies and possibly lead to a re-evaluation; if not outright abandonment, of some of the key approaches to Rule-of-Law reforms. Even within the Orthodoxy, there has been long-standing rhetoric on the need to look inwards to its norms for achieving development ends, such as the void Rule-of-Law;

d. Integrate perspectives from law discourse with those from other discourses in order to critique the illusive Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy; and may also suggest an alternative baseline of IS (international standards) perspective for approaching the illusive Rule-of-Law;

e. Provide line(s) of socio-legal research that is amenable to development by future research; and

f. To provide the foundation of the Alterity of the forthcoming Hebrew civilization of Noah Arc-II.

There has scarcely been any attempt at developing a theoretical or process framework for actualizing the rhetoric. This present suggested work may make an original contribution in that regard by providing the building blocks of theory to justify the rhetoric and provide a framework within which realistic solutions may be formulated for the Rule-of-Law. Moreover, healthy economy base self-evolve law-and-order parallel to laws-of-nature may indicate prosperous citizens of progressive civilization.

10b. Epistemological Shift

This Research may propose that the model of an epistemological shift offers an explanatory framework from which we may understand the interplay between conceptual prophesy, intuition, common sense and critical (evolve) discourse. Thus, the questions that may appear, of research gaze are:

 To what extent is an epistemological shift apparent in various programmes?

 What assumptions are being taken-for-granted and how do they dominate, if any, a doctoral practice?

 How might simplistic binaries associated with apprenticeship or mastery and professional researcher be more fully theorized or presented by both supervisors and researcher?

 How is good researcher constructed in the institution?

 Where do these constructions come from and how are they arrived at?

 What might they miss, and how can it be re-captured?

 How this Privilege or Prejudice, if any, certain research groups or their selector(s)?

 In what ways do researcher feel legitimised and, if not, why?

 What forms of research are used most or least? and

 How do these relate to researcher ID and History?

10c. Ownership, Responsibility and Risk

The majority of supervisors are perhaps more cautious, or feeling that they don’t want to do something that’s risky for them. The legal supervisors may think that they are, by their very nature, at risk in attempting a legal-matter that is new to them. But researchers, not supervisors who act as facilitators-observers-learners, are the expert in their own professional practice. The institutional enforcement towards safe and timely illusive-completions is likely to make it harder for such people to be successful, and hence harder to recruit authentic R&D candidates. But, the researcher may challenge the orthodoxy. See also supervision (section 9, pg 11).

10d. Ethics & Data Protection Act

This research follows the updated Guidelines of PhD Research, and the supervisory directions. It also avoids political issues of the 21st century. The research is about Yisrael Jurisprudence of the past 5000 years. It is a set of legal moral principles, especially ones relating to, or affirming, a specified group, field, or form of conduct such as the legal theory. This research focus is not only on direct learning, but on how the research set up pedagogical relations between and physical and conceptual resources, providing the potential of further learning. Herein, the research ethics are:

 The expression of Ethic is the subjective concept(s) of thinking right and wrong conduct;

 The term ethics may be derived from the Ancient Greek ethikos, meaning habit or custom. Laws of ethics of man, i.e. politics, can not supersede or override ethics of nature, & no Law-of-Ethics;

 From Noah-I to Noah-II, Hammurabi Code of Ethics was developed and evolved as a code of this present work, in which the Lex-Talionis is updated with the evolve enviro-function;

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Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy "Ethics" (en.wikipedia.org), Ret. Nov 2019.

 Herein, Ethics of nature override ethics of man in all circumstances;

 The present research proposal is about legal nature based on its evolving ethics of environment function, and the present work is to materialize this prestigious ethics as the standard of proof; and

 Finally, If (there is a need for the methodology to deal with the vulnerable characters, using subjective comparative means), then (this work shall apply the evolved rules of conduct).

11. Miscellaneous

11a. Budget

(a) What is the total budget for the project? (b) Have the funds been already acquired? (c) If not, where is the money coming from? (d) How long will it delay the process? (e) Will it impact the thesis work and/or are there other remedies to the problem? Q/A:

 The budget of the past decade is paid for, personally by the researcher/litigant/applicant to be;

 Research Material for edition, as well as court materials of evidence, are available and ready for editions;

 The applicant student maintenance fees, as well as the court fees may become available in full, via student loan. The research applicant is being a pensioner on about £85.0pw (supported by annual heating allowance and £10 Christmas present from the beloved DWP of the tax-payers). Thus, the research applicant may be entitled for the claim of student loan (believed to be about £26K, dated 2023). The research applicant may use home-base-work, instead of camp-base-research. The applicant will attend all required academic duties. The financial overburden, if any, may come from the field work (litigant court case). This could be finalized in different forms, and to obey the court requirements. The Alterity may exist.

11b. Facilities-in-use (Explain)

(a) Is all the necessary hardware/software in place? Q/A: The need is about library-base-Internet search.

(b) if not, how will it be acquired and how long will it take to put everything in place? Q/A: everything is in place.

(c) Does it have any resource implication? Q/A: The costs of the field work or court allocated Budget could be problematic. However, differentiated means of consultations with the supervisors & HM-CTS may be optimised.

It is too early at this present stage to predict the final course of the present suggested PhD-in-Law.

11c. Deliverable Program of Schedule

How much can be achieved within the time-scale of this present PhD project?

Q/A: The UNESCO & section Scope (4, pg 5), ordered the maximum period of about 3 years.

Itemise the list of deliverables with specific dates, to make concerted effort to achieve them?

Q/A: The researcher may refer the readers to the scope (section 4, pg 5). Notice of observation may be given to Annex-I (Conditional Logic of Biblical Lex-Talionis 1750 BC).

Q/A: Concerning the Timetable or Timescale, the feasibility is one of the criteria applied in judging the present proposal. Luckily, Time is illusion, and task is accomplished. The scope (section 4, pg 5) is reasonably accurate at this early stage of research application, and the project may have further evolutions due to its concept.

In total, this present suggested PhD-in-Law thesis is conceptual and worth more than average 3 PhD-in-Law.

12. Conclusion & Recommendation

This research shall illustrate the complexity of legal doctrine approaches in the development of critical voices of evolve reasoning, theory and theorisation. What is apparent is the influence of competing discourses, place and space, relationships, physical and conceptual resources that operate to shape practice; shedding light on the tensions and embedded assumptions that are largely taken for granted in the literature and in institutional practices. For which several themes arise from the research, which the author use to offer learners starting points for further consideration. A foresight conclusion of this proposal is forwarded within a summary, and its recommendation is within a Pandora-Box of Yisrael Jurisprudence of unlimited applications.

In conclusion, this R&D proposal for PhD-in-Law stands for ground breaking concept(s), jumping off from the legal logic of LexTalionis 1750 BC, for which the Applicant subconsciously innovated the advanced means of legal experiment of an open court trial to rescue siblings. The Applicant acts litigant to change legal status-quo by removing the legal illusion from Pillars-Parthenon, to the Alterity of prosperous civilisation to come. For this unique and Nobel UNESCO project of Jerusalem Temple-Mount, the Applicant/Litigant do reaffirm his candidacy for PhD-in-Law, and under the applicable supervision, and following the above clarifications.

Acknowledgment of feedback gratitude is forwarded to Dr Hays of GB Sheffield School-of-Law, who dedicated his academic life to serve Pillar Judiciary, and provided the only one bold interactive feedback (annex-ii, pg 21) during the past decade of an intensive international search for factual justice. Observers may notice the high level of ignorance embedded in the void Rule-of-Law base illusive Newton Absolute Eternal Time <>

Editorial Omissions

15. Bibliography

Annex-0 (Observation on Quotations of Inter-active Referee)

Annex-I (Conditional Logic of Biblical Lex-Talionis 1750 BC)

Annex-II (Inter-active Referee of Sheffield School-of-Law 2022

Annex-IV (Methodology & Research Approach)

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05. Alterity

The Orthodoxy may take it for granted that modern law is universally rational, it is law, so that where there is a problem with the Rule-of-Law, modern law cannot be the problem. Where the Rule-of-Law is absent, it is taken that modern law is either absent entirely or not sufficiently present. If modern law is found to be present and there is still no Rule-of-Law, then it is the ways of the societies lacking the Rule-of-Law that are abnormal and therefore a changeable problematic. The alternative argument attempted in this work may reverse the logic. If an ambiguous attitude to modern law can be accepted as normalcy in certain societies, then it is modern law that is problematic in those societies. While the Orthodoxy is premised on modern law working successfully in certain places, the contrary view is based on modern law continuing to come up short in others. The two perspectives therefore approach the centrality of modern law to the Rule-of-Law project from opposite poles, i.e. Whether the Rule-of-Law actually happens? Whether it is attributable to machinations of law? Whether it is the best form of social organisation are examinable questions all by themselves? Is it a thought of an evolve reasoning? However, for the purposes of circumscribing the subject matter, those questions are taken as affirmatively answered. The major site of contestation here, having taken for granted that Rule-of-Law does actually occur and is an ideal worthy of pursuit by all people, is whether modern law is synonymous with the Law in the so-called Rule-of-Law. Herein, the Lex-Talionis conditional statement states the following expression: (System Lex-Talionis: Code of Hebrew King Hammurabi 1792-1750 BC). If (the case can be made that the Rule-of-Law does not necessarily coincide with the Rule of modern law), then (modern law is only a, as distinct from the, legal form by which the Rule-of-Law can be established). In that event, not only can an argument be made on the possibility of the Rule-of-Law by means other than modern law, but also that the modern law might actually be an impediment, in certain circumstances, to the Rule-of-Law, if exists. However, these are man made and not nature dictated events of illusive Rule-of-Time (Newton's absolute, eternal and illusive, Parmenides 500 BC). The anti-Semite Rule-of-Law base illusive Time was rejected by the extra-Terrestrial Order of Lex-Talionis of Hebrew King Hammurabi 1750 BC (Almossawi, 2021).

06. Caveat (Law notice)

A caveat may be necessary, but it may not be intended that the work will provide the definitive answer to problems of law and development. This work may not outline any specific strategy for developing the Rule-of-Law. The attempt is made to prescribe specific remedies for the problems of the Rule-of-Law. What is sought is to initiate a baseline perspective to those problems that stands as credible alternative to current Orthodoxy. The word alternative is emphasised as it is acknowledged from the outset that the Rule-of-Law is problematic. Orthodoxy contrives a formidable argument for consolidating modern legal forms. This work may not seek so much to oust that argument as to demonstrate the plausibility of an alternative argument. If (this demonstration is successful however), then (the alternative argument would have implications for policy formulation and practice by challenging the bases of current strategies for the Rule-of-Law base illusive Time). However, if (law makers act optimistically), then (public shall witness the trigger of new civilisation of Noah Arc-II unveil in Babylon, by Hebrew king Yisrael). Event were approved by the discovery of physical matter of knowledge.10

07. Methodology & Research Approach

What the present researcher expresses herein is an observation base limited expression, based on self sensory system. This is differentiated on the basis of evolution of no universal lasting events. Further to section 1; if (in tackling the questions, it will first and foremost requires a multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches), then (it shall encompassing Order and behavioral engineering sciences of evolve reasoning). Moreover, if (a demonstration is successful however), then (alternative argument would have implications for legislative policy formulation and practice with regulations by challenging the bases of current strategies for the Rule-of-Law base illusive Time). Thus, the researcher/litigant methodology is basically intuitive base skills of the following order: a. Theoretical; b. Historical; c. Subjectivist Paradigm; d. Qualitative; e. Commentary; f. Jurisprudence; g. Hypothesis; h. Doctrine; i. Critical; j. Innovation and skills of survival. Thus, if (proposing a new interpretation to existing literature), then (researcher is required to show how and why things are as they have been). For this and many more reasons, the researcher refers readers to annex-iv; this is due to the focus on limits of word count.

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In criticizing the Law and Development, Trubek (1972b) and Trubek and Galanter (1974) argued that it was wrong to hold the modern legal form synonymous with ‘the law’ everywhere, especially in developing countries. Moreover, they argued, the modern legal form was necessary only for the proper functioning of a bureaucratic state; there was nothing to prove that it was necessary in every society. Trubek.1972b. distilled a ‘core conception of modern law’ by contrasting the processes of social regulation in traditional societies with that of the modern legal system.

Almossawi (Yisrael). 2021. www.1742-819x.eu 2021-31. issn: 1742-819x.

Caveat: (noun) a warning or proviso (noun, a condition or qualification attached to an agreement or statement) of specific stipulations, conditions, or limitations; in Law a notice, especially in a probate, that certain actions may not be taken without informing the person who gave the notice (Oxford Dictionary).

Prediction. Hebrew source of Babylon 2006. unpublished discoveries issn:1742-819x; 2021

08. Field Work [If (optimistic judgments), then (it shall be the AI-aided-Judgment of order)]

The litigant allocates two to three years of this PhD-in-Law, to present the field work of 3-cases referred to at eisrael.co.uk (2018-22), and eisrael.eu (2024-31). Following the supervisors’ advice, HM-CTS (Court & Tribunal Services) may schedule cause-and-effect. The litigant may also implement differentiated means to enable judges to reach earlier AI-aided-Order. In fact, the litigant indicates factual Virtual-Reality of open court procedural rules. The success will make a worldwide industry of judgment order base speedy timeless decision-making. This is the ultimate goal for future generations, due to the embedded skills Lex-Talionis 1750 BC.

09. Supervision (Order base QAA)

This research project is conceptual and the first of its kind in the areas of Common law jurisdictions, Criminal law and Criminal Justice, Jurisprudence, and many more fields of applications. The researcher may not expect to locate any level of advisory, worldwide. This research is about a long waited and self-supervised R&D in the multi-facet legal theory (jurisprudence) of multi-disciplinary approaches. It is expected from the supervisor to direct and upgrade the researcher to the needed legal level that enable the researcher to stand alone, or part of a team, in the field work at the high court to defend cases presented at the website address: www.eisrael.co.uk (citation dated July 2020), or eisrael.eu sited 2024. This, research may require a style of an optimized supervision or examination of direction, in which all members of legal staff, individually or collectively, are welcome. For the role of supervisor(s) see Pratt and Shaughnessy (2018). We may also notice the following shifts, risks, and conclusions surrounding orders base QAA (2011, 2014, 2015, and 2018)

Thus, supervisors are made to believe at risk in attempting a legal-matter that is new to them. They are the expert who may facilitate the needs of applicants’ pre-requisite, such as membership-of-the-Bar. The supervisor may direct or facilitate the means of legislative action for a new LAW that void Rule-of-Law, and void Rule-of-Time. This may trigger a new industrial revolution and fair social-order in England. It is the researcher who makes or breaks the status-quo of Ground-Breaking Order. Thus, supervisors act as facilitators, observers and learners; and that the researchers become the expert in their own professional practice. Thus, if (failure whatsoever), then (it shall be attributed to the applicant whose academic level in this PhD application is equivalent to, or no less than, that of the supervisors). In our 2023 AD institutional order, we need to trigger the orderly of Alterity civilization that emerges, or jump off, from the rare quality of our diverse directions. Thus, If (Judiciary system fails reform), them (it shall be self suicidal and die out in no illusive never-existed Time).

Candidacy of PhD applicant is the Litigant who had triggered this Ground-Breaking order. The differentiated input and output of this R&D necessitates cooperative team-of-work to forward Doctorate-in-Law of legislative status, under the direction of legal supervision. This may enforce the needed conservative status-quo of professional legal Dignity, Ethics, Order and respect by means of differentiated definitions. The applicant is independent, flexible and self-supervised, who shall not be of an overburden status with supervisors’ present or future schedule of work. Additionally, the applicant is the litigant scientist of the past decade, who searched in details the factual means of extra-terrestrial order of Lex-Talionis 1750 BC, on terms of engineering sciences.

10. Rationale

We may notice that Weber (1954 and 1978) avoided, or did not use the term Rule-of-Law. But, Weber described a system of formally rational law that shares the same characteristics as the formalists' definition of the Rule-of Law (Trubek 1972a). However, Weber (1954 and 1978) categorized world legal systems into:

1. Obedience, depended on the charisma or personality of the Ruler;

2. Authority, which was derived from the tradition or conservatism; and

3. Characteristic of modern state, which is a system of authority base rationality.

These types of rulers existed in a hierarchical order of development, states progressed from charismatic authority to traditional authority and finally to rational authority. Thus, Weber (1954 and 1978) divided rational authority into:

1. Substantive rationality of firm basis in reality, and when applied decision making was subject to emotive considerations;

2. Formal rationality, in which legal problems were solved by the application of calculable, technical criteria of measures

such as the means of the Lex-Talionis.

However, Hebrew Weber (1954 and 1978) found a formally rational system of law-and-order was not only being needed for capitalism but also as uniquely existing in the capitalist modern states of Western Europe. Additionally, Weber (1954 and 1978) concluded subjectively that all other legal systems were stages in the evolution towards a formal rational system possessed by Western Europe, of void (Rule-of-Law base illusion).

This may admit evolution with submission. As with Dicey (1885) and Hayek (1944), it is not difficult to detect a certain triumphalism in Weber’s (1954 and 1978) ruminations on Western legal systems. Furthermore, as appealing and authoritative as they have since been, Weber’s insights were empirically limited. The industrialisation had first come to England which possessed little of a formally rational legal system. On the other hand, the English flaw in Weber’s theory (1954 and 1978) seems to have been magnified by the 21st century East Asia, particularly China, whose rise to global economic power challenges the requirement for a formal, rational legal system of the Western variety. Thus, this present research may, or may not, evolve to be:

 A unique and conceptual original, which simply and quantify environment laws in progressive steps and in parallel to law of nature. The present proposal of legal theory may be designed for practitioners of community, or otherwise.

 An important in the logic and context, and that it will positively contribute to the existing scholars as well as Law of nature and rules, unless it is used in every day applications.

 A Code-of-Nature of originality, which aim to replace rules of man-made law, and to show that there is as much theoretical plausibility for working to consolidate the environmental legal form in Rule-of-Law projects as there is for working in the opposite direction, and searching for the alternative law.

 A critical discourse analysis and quantitative approach to challenge the so-called Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy, a set of ideas and strategies accepted in development practice as formulaic for the Rule-of-Law.

 The goal is to demonstrate that the enviro-function law of nature is not only plausible, but would better facilitate the illusive and void Rule-of-Law, and in the illusive Rule-of-Time. This may have implications for policy formulation as it fundamentally challenges the current paradigm for establishing an illusive Rule-of-Law as a building stone for, and on behalf of, Newton’s Time.

 An indication that the author is familiar with the key issues and instruments of relevance to the topic; in which the Standard-of-proof base probability formulates malfunction legal theft; of the anti-Semite; and

 Conceived of the Rule-of-Law as a state-of-functionalism rather than as the Rule-of-Modernity. Evolution is not the coup and corruption, to demonstrate that it exists in the absence of systemic fidelity to man-made modern law, and that the Orthodoxy could be futile.

Therefore, this present research may also argue that the void Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy assumes the essentialism of modern law base theft of resources. This may open Pandora-box, such as:

 The work may, or may not provide a critique of nature’s law, which holds man-made law alienating.

 The work makes the case for looking for an Alterity law, which may attract systemic fidelity.

 This work may also argue the legal cultures and rationalities that continue to undermine the success of laws-of-nature base illusive Rule-of-Newton absolute and eternal Time.

 This work may use the concept of alternative modernity as a contemporary framework to rationalize nature’s need for the ‘Other’ type of law, and co-opts anarchism in support of this present case; and

 It may also be expected to develop law-and-order of an open-loop control of self-corrected processes of legal social norms, known to be the Alterity of Yisrael order of the physical matter of knowledge.

10a. Contribution

The foresight findings may consider the following themes of innovations:

1. Epistemological shift offers an explanatory framework to understand how researchers negotiate shifts in epistemology;

2. Theory and theorizing reveals three ways of distinguishing how researcher's tacit practices are enacted;

3. Identity illuminates the complexity of researcher’s identity construction;

4. Research gaze may not reveal the pressure and issues emerging from the tensions at large in PhD, where excellence and diversity run concurrently within the researcher’s processes of innovative skills; and

5. What the present project may unveil is the theoretical, authentic and legal fact-of-truth. It may:

a. Argue (indicate evolve reasoning) and make an original contribution to, or from the physical matter of knowledge, by introducing a novel baseline perspective to so-called Rule-of-Law, and modernity may benefit from nature’s law;

b. Be presented as credible alternative to current Orthodoxy, which has constituted so-called modern-law, a constant in the Rule-of-Law practice;

c. Not-seek so much to oust the Orthodoxy as to demonstrate the plausibility of an alternative thinking of an evolve reasoning. Yet, specific strategies for developing Rule-of-Law have been outlined, and attempts were made to prescribe specific remedies. What has been contributed is a new quantitative framework in which innovative solutions to those problems are to be sought;

The Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy emphasizes strengthening the foundations of modern Western-style law (Tamanaha 2004, Golub 2003, and Carothers 2003). This approach continues to prevail despite a shortage of knowledge, captured by the likes of Muller (2008), Krygier (2007), Zimmerman (2007) and Carothers (2003), on how the Rule-of-Law develops in societies and how it can be stimulated other than by copying institutional forms. This together with the resources and financial aspect creates the God-fearing victim. Moreover, the criminal defence have loops of legal-gaps to fill and to override the victims over illusive time limits of Rule-of-Law. Unless the victim is equipped with the know-how tools to find the striking evidence of proof against the perpetrators, there shall be an increase of victims of greed of theft and fraud of property ownership to increase self-financial power. This know-how is given exclusively in this flagged PhD thesis, based on the extra-Terrestrial Lex-Talionis 1750 BC. Almossawi (2021) added that Rule-of-Law and Rule-of-Time are void (1742-819x.eu), and this research will detail the reasons.

Q/A: Outline previous work in this field (i.e. literature search).

Despite data protection Acts, a few PhD theses were noticed on 2023, as herein listed together with the attached references. This area of common law jurisdictions is still in its infancy stage with no expectation due to its subjectivity. The embedded cause-and-effect is due to the boundary conditions of Rule-of-Law base illusive time and the logic of investigation, despite litigant’s motivation of self-reaction. The key solution for progressive litigants, worldwide, is the removal of the basic boundaries of restrictions, empower the litigant with tool of confidence of self-logic based on factual Lex-Talionis of 1750 BC. Then, allow a window of Lex-Talionis to enable LiPs to exercise human’s right of just reaction.

Q/A: How would the results of the proposed research fill this need and be beneficial?

This suggested research will provide tools and windows of wider applications in the learning of criminology, criminal law, criminal justice and related investigations. These biblical tools of know-how shall activate multi-applications, and will equip the LiPs with self-confidence. These tools aim to forward justice in all fields, and enable the LiPs to stand alone in an open court (alive) of every judiciary system. This will also reduce the financial burden in general and add value for money at a cost of next-to-nothing. The learning that results from this suggested work may inspire generations to come, to promote peaceful progressive norms.

02. Questions

If (in tackling the questions it will requires a multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches), then (it shall encompass-sing Order and behavioral engineering sciences of evolve reasoning). The problem of Alterity-of-subjectivity may translate into the present quantitative and analytical research of facts of variant nature. The problem may also translate into the following research questions of Rule-of-Law base illusive Time, followed by analytical and physical approach. The subsidiary questions flow from the main research questions. This may require the multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches, encompassing the means of law as well as physical and engineering sciences, such as:

Q/A1: Does Rule-of-Law exist? (Main principal Question 1-of-2)

The subsidiary questions flow from the main research questions, as in:

1. Are the assumptions of the Orthodoxy (on how the Rule-of-law is achieved) falsifiable?

2. Can it be demonstrated on the current state of knowledge that the Rule-of-Law can be built on a type of law other than modern-law, or so-called man-made-law? What is the Law? Why Law?

3. Can it be demonstrated that another type of law does possibly exist?

4. Can it be demonstrated that Rule of nature's Law is not necessarily the Rule of man-made-law?

5. Can it be demonstrated that the Alterity of Rule-of-Law is the fact and basic measure?

6. Why Jurisprudence is undesirable or impossible to achieve? See 1742-819x.eu (2021-31)

7. Why Law and Time are inter-related illusions of evolve reasoning? Who pays the bill?

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Leader, K. 2019. Litigants in Person in the Civil Justice System PhD Thesis, Department of Law, London School of Economics and Political Science: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3763/

Brickhill, J. 2021 strategic litigation in south Africa: Understanding and evaluating impact. PhD Thesis. Trinity College. South Africa.

Cahill-O’Callaghan Rachel 2015. The Influence of Personal Values on Legal Judgment. PhD Thesis. Cardiff University, UK

Mant, J.L. 2020. Litigants in Person and the Family Court: The Accessibility of Family Justice after LASPO. PhD Thesis. School of law, Centre for Law and Social Justice, University of Leeds,

SHAKYA, K, and Singh, K. 2021. Causes of litigation pendency in India. © 1Law college Dehradun, Uttaranchal University. 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 7 July 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882

Leader, K. 2019. Litigants in Person in the Civil Justice System PhD Thesis, Department of Law, London School of Economics and Political Science: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3763/

Brickhill, J. 2021 strategic litigation in south Africa: Understanding and evaluating impact. PhD Thesis. Trinity College. South Africa.

Cahill-O’Callaghan Rachel 2015. The Influence of Personal Values on Legal Judgment. PhD Thesis. Cardiff University, UK

Lein E., et al. 2015. Factors Influencing International litigant decisions to bring commercial claims to the London based courts. Ministry of Justice analytical series. GB Gov UK; OGL Crown copyright 2015

Mant, J.L. 2020. Litigants in Person and the Family Court: The Accessibility of Family Justice after LASPO. PhD Thesis. School of law, Centre for Law and Social Justice, University of Leeds,

SHAKYA, K, and Singh, K. 2021. Causes of litigation pendency in India. © 1Law college Dehradun, Uttaranchal University. 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 7 July 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882

Q/A: What is the major contribution that the PhD research is going to make?

1. the case of litigant-appeals at the High-Court;

2. Empower the litigant with the case of Fraud versus perpetrators at the High-Court;

3. Empower the litigant to receive enforcement of compensation for criminal acts; and

Q/A: Why is this useful? Reflect carefully on how this contribution will be made?

4. Empower the litigant with the assist related victims, and future litigants through teaching and directions

5. Empower the litigant with the publication and teaching future litigants; and

6. to incorporated the finding for legislative status-quo; the foundation of new-Bible that aims to progress the economy, and applications of engineering sciences and the Art, and to sail in Noah Arc-II of enviro-function.

Regardless of the means of methodology, meeting the aim requires demonstrating that on the current state of know-how, it is plausible that man-made Rule-of -Law needs another type of law and that such other law may be possible. Therefore, Part-II of this research aims:

7. To demonstrate that in building the Rule of man-made-law, there is as much sense (of physical sensory) in looking for an alternative to man-made-law as there is in consolidating it, by using human's thinking and reasoning, of the creations' evolve logic;

8. To show key assumptions underlying the Rule-of-law orthodoxy are flawed and falsifiable;

9. To demonstrate that the Rule of man-made-law is not necessarily the Rule of nature's Law;

10. To demonstrate that there may be an alternative to man-made-law;

11. To demonstrate that Rule of variant nature's may be built as an alternative to man-made-law;

12. To determine environmental and procedural Order of law base nature’s evolution;

13. To forward a divine Jurisprudence, of the physical matter-of-knowledge; and

14. To determine the implications and evolve legal means of measure as related to standard of nature.

04. Scope (purpose, end or intention)

If (Plato c.430-347AD maintains), then (it shall be the academy of religion to be the chief aim and scope of human life). The following tasks will be undertaken as a part of the proposed research. During the first six months the research candidate may be engaged in all aspects suggested by related supervisor(s), such as attending available legal programs of study; fulfil required SRA membership of the BAR, attending mock court cases, conferences, academic legal discussions and other matters that upgrade the research candidate for the task of litigant. The researcher may also re-edit own R&D of the past ten years, as in the following:

Part 1: first period of 6-months of 3 years (providing on-going consultations with relate supervisor(s)

Task 0 = R&D Proposal Chapter 1

Task 1 = tool-of-confidence, of void illusive Rule-of-Time Chapter 2

Task 2 = tool-of-just, of void Rule-of-Law base illusive Time; Chapter 3

Task 3 = Biblical tool-of-logic, of reasoning (if-then), as a language of persuasion; Chapter 4

Task 4 = tool-of-Lex-Talionis (1750 BC); the factual meaning of an-eye-for-an -eye Chapter 5

Task 5 = Court Case: impersonated litigant versus perpetrators of fraud Chapter 6

Task 6 = Annexes (Appendices) of materials, including chapters 2-5 may be placed as annexes. This is due to the limitation of word count. The foundation of AI-aided-Judgment may be placed in the isbn-book of an annex.

Part 2: period of 2-of-3 years (it is about providing on-going consultations with supervisors)

 The applicant will resume, after training, the role of litigant at an agreeable high court of HM-CTS

 The litigant may have a legal team of legal support, or may my be single handed

 The litigant start the case of appeal against the Judgment dated 2015, if needed; and

 The litigant trigger the case of fraud dated 24 July 2013 versus the perpetrator(s).

However, the court may agree on legal procedure of an order without prolonged case vs defendants.

Part 3: f period of 6-months of 3 years

The litigant rap-up the case, and to be re-edited as chapter 6 or 7, with a further chapter of conclusion and future work. This may be accomplished with the approval of the related supervisors and school of law. The researcher may submit the full print of PhD thesis for final viva. If granted success, then the researcher may implement and apply related findings, or expand on further aspects.

R&D Statement of PhD-Law Proposal 2013-25

By: Almossawi HIH (Yisrael, BS); www.1742-819x.eu & issn: 1742-819x

(R&D of evolve UNESCO Project of Jerusalem Temple Mount)

Subject Matter/in the matter of: (Title subject Alterity)

Litigant Means for solving injustices: An impersonated Litigant shadowing Lex-Talionis Logic (1750 BC) of void Rule-of-Time & void Rule-of-Law, and acting in self-defense case vs perpetrators at an AI aided Open Court of Public Prosecution.

Litigants with intermittent representation or no access to representation at all have received fairly limited attention in the analyses of the effects of LASPO as well as the implications of the court reform program (Leader, 2020) This research problem stems from the subjectivity of Rule-of-Law base illusive Rule-of-Time. Whose order of Law-and-order? Where? Knowingly or recklessly Judges understand the expression of when is an illusion, null or void. But, can we manage the events without the order of so-called Time? Since Rule-of-Law may have the alterity, it is known that Human lags behind nature on Rule-of-Law indexes, and including the Rule-of-Law Indicators published by the World Bank from 1998 to date. But, who make the guidance and where with no-when, if any? Human's exception has defied what has become known as Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy, which is about a set of subjective ideas or activities and strategies aim towards bringing about the Rule-of-Law or the business of so-called HM Court & Tribunal Services HM-CTS processing Court Procedural Rules CPR operating sensory feedback of (standard of proof) of bias fallacy of fraudulent dice base gambling. The Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy emphasises strengthening the foundations of modern Western-style law (Tamanaha 2004, Golub 2003, and Carothers 2003). This approach continues to prevail despite a shortage of knowledge, captured by the likes of Muller (2008), Krygier (2007), Zimmerman (2007) and Carothers (2003), on how the Rule-of-Law develops in societies and how it can be stimulated other than by copying institutional forms. If (a demonstration is successful however), then (alternative argument would have implications for legislative policy formulation and practice by challenging the bases of current strategies for the illusive Rule-of-Law). Thus, is there any Standard International? Is it in the extra-Terrestrial order of Yisrael Legal Divine? Therefore, in any individual window of memory of what is expressed as nature, primary questions may arise, as in the above pre-Biblical illustration 500 BC, stems from original Babylonian tablets 1750 BC of Lex-Talionis which were discovered and catalogued by Almossawi HIH (Yisrael, BS) 2009 at Meso-Hebrew Babylon (1742-819x & 1742-819x.eu 2021). This may raise the problem of demonstrating that the illusive Rule-of-Time may be built on a type of law other than modern law, or so-called Rule-of-Law. The problem of Alterity may translate into the present quantitative and analytical research of facts of variant nature. The problem may also translate into the above research questions of Rule-of-Law, followed by legal regulatory analytical and physical approach. If (in tackling the questions it will first and foremost require the multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches), then (it shall encompassing Order and behavioral sciences of evolve reasoning). To that we must devote ourselves with greatest urgency (Muller, 2008).

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Leader, K. 2022. Written Evidence. Lecturer at York Law School. York University. (Leader left York University due to Law-School malfunction)

Leader, K. 2019. Litigants in Person in the Civil Justice System PhD Thesis, Department of Law, London School of Economics and Political Science: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3763/

Leader, K. 2020. “From Beargardens to the County Court: Creating the Litigant in Person,” Cambridge Law Journal 79.2: ttps://www.cambridge. org/core/journals/cambridge-lawjournal/ article/from-bear-gardens to-the-county-court-creating-the-litigant-inperson/8D7DB9CCA07F4E257AD5C46886842D85

McKeever. 2020. “Remote Justice? Litigants in Person and Participation in Court Processes during Covid-19,” Commentary, Modern Law Review. https://www.modernlawreview.co.uk/mckeevers-remote justice/Moorhead and Sefton (2005), Unrepresented litigants in first instance proceedings (Department for Constitutional Affairs, London). See also the attached evolve proposal for further details, including Bibliography.

01. Background, Intro-legal (updated non-classified literature)

Q/A: Describe current state of the art?

Concerning the LiP, Litigant-in-person is a citizen who involves in a lawsuit case (see OED). The present researcher is an active self-litigant and victim in 3-Cases that were void in an unjust GB system. The LiP is a widespread phenomenon in common law jurisdictions, and rare in criminal law and criminal justice. The right to LiP is treated as a fundamental GB Human Rights, together with Article 6 of EU Human’s Right, regardless of whether the LiP have the means to hire a lawyer, or the capacity to conduct litigation effectively. This is Due to the high numbers of litigants and the complex-of-burdens placed on judicial resources, caused by their lack of legal know-how. The LiP is seen to pose a serious challenge to the effective and efficient administration of justice. If (LiPs came first), then (the admin-Justice of Pillars Parthenon remains ignorant to the public needs). The litigant is the most popular and expanding practice in India, for which the virtual reality court was established. Yet, it is hindered with difficulties due to lack of tools of applications. In the UK, the LiP with intermittent representation, or no access to representation at all, have received fairly limited attention in the analyses of the effects of LASPO as well as the implications of the court reform programme (Leader, 2020) The understanding of this basic problem, or the many more questions, requires multi-disciplinary approaches of social and engineering sciences. The key concept is the just Code of Ethics of Lex-Talionis (1750 BC). This was argued by Parmenides (500 BC) as a thought of sensual evolve logic of an illusive Time. Now, the Western Justice is in-between Magna-Carta 1215 AD and Up-Skirting 2018 AD. If (in tackling the questions it will first and foremost requires a multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches), then (it shall encompassing Order and behavioral engineering sciences of evolve reasoning). Moreover, if (a demonstration is successful however), then (alternative argument would have implications for policy formulation and practice by challenging the bases of current strategies for the Rule-of-Law base illusive Time). To that extent, we must devote ourselves with greater urgency (Muller, 2008).

Q/A: What are the gaps?

LiP with intermittent representation, or no access to representation at all, have received fairly limited attention in the analyses of the effects of LASPO as well as the implications of the court reform programme (Leader, 2020)

Q/A: Which elements remain unresolved or untested?

The LiP is seen to pose a serious challenge to the effective and efficient administration of justice. If (LiPs came first), then (the admin-Justice of Pillars Parthenon remains ignorant to the public needs).

Q/A: What new light remains to be shed? What does study of this new area bring to existing debates? What will be the enduring contribution of this present research?

Please, see aims and objectives.

Q/A: Why is this research needed?

The present researcher is the litigant (2014-24), and victim who had been impersonated in property fraud. The perpetrators sold the victim’s parents and five siblings, and ordered the GB police to issue a warning of harassment against the LiP. This was followed by extreme crippling measures of anti-Semite terror. Thus, this research problem is triggered by the bias subjectivity of Rule-of-Law base illusive Rule-of-Time. Whose order of Law-and-order? Where? Knowingly or recklessly Judges understand the expression of when is an illusion, null or void. But, can we manage the events without the order of so-called Time? Since Rule-of-Law may have the Alterity, it is known that Human lags behind nature on Rule-of-Law indexes, and including the Rule-of-Law Indicators published by the World Bank from 1998 to date. But, who make the guidance, and where with no-when, if any? It is just an evolve memory of illusion! Human's exception has defied what has become known as Rule-of-Law Orthodoxy, which is about a set of subjective ideas or activities and strategies aim towards bringing about the Rule-of-Law or the business of so-called HM Court & Tribunal Services HM-CTS processing Court Procedural Rules CPR operating sensory feedback of (standard of proof) of bias fallacy of fraudulent dice base gambling.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See OED, Oxford English Dictionary.

Leader, K. 2020. Written evidence. Lecturer at York Law School

Leader, K. 2019. Litigants in Person in the Civil Justice System PhD Thesis, Department of Law, London School of Economics and Political Science: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3763/

Leader, K. 2020. “From Beargardens to the County Court: Creating the Litigant in Person,” Cambridge Law Journal 79.2: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-lawjournal/article/from-bear-gardens to-the-county-court-creating-the-litigant-inperson/8D7DB9CCA07F4E257AD5C46886842D85

McKeever. 2020. Remote Justice? Litigants in Person and Participation in Court Processes during Covid-19,” Commentary, Modern Law Review; https://www.modernlawreview.co.uk/mckeevers-remote-justice/

Moorhead and Sefton. 2005. Unrepresented litigants in first instance proceedings (Department for Constitutional Affairs, London).

Gallie. 1956. introduced the term, ‘essentially contested concept’ to give a name to that problematic situation where an abstract notion is agreed on but there is endless debate about the meaning, and substance or realization of that notion.

ISSN:1740-9527 & ISSN:1742-819X: 2018. See also Pillars Parthenon @: eisrael.co.uk; 2016-22; eisrael,eu 2024-31 & 1742-819X.eu 2021-32.

Furthermore, the ambiguous qualitative issues of subjectivity of the legal theory of Monetary Compensation are:

1. Are these events of evolve thinking of evolve mind? How? Why? Where?

2. Why no-access to justice? If (state of anti-Semite being), then (no-access to justice); Is GB anti-Semite?

3. Why the Justice system is fragmented and lack of clarity and transparency?

4. Why the Standard of proof should be applied in every case of the balance of probabilities?

5. Why the subjective-Justice stand for the Monetary Compensation?

Q/A2: Does Time really exist? (Main principal Question 2-of-2)

This may raise the problem of demonstrating that the illusive Rule-of-Time may be built on a type of law other than modern law, or so-called Rule-of-Law. The problem of Alterity may translate into the present quantitative and analytical research of facts of variant nature. The problem may also translate into the following research questions of Rule-of-Law, followed by analytical and physical approach. Therefore, in any individual window of memory of what is expressed as nature, primary questions may arise, as in:

1. Are these events of the instances of evolve thinking of evolve mind? How? Why? Where?

2. Can we reach a Judgment without the need of standard-of-proof base probability and regardless of the illusive Time?

3. Does the reverse order of Time occur?

4. If (laws of physics do not rule-out the reversibility of time processes), then (what is physics, where so-called laws-of-nature are status of evolve thinking & reasoning?)

5. If (Rule-of-Time and Rule-of-Law are illusive), then (what is the factual reality of existence?)

6. If no Time, then no where?

7. If Rule-of-Time and Rule-of-Law are illusive, then what is the factual reality of existence?

8. Is the backward travel in Time a matter of physical impossibility?

9. Is there an absolute or relative Rule-of-Time?

10. Is there any Standard International?

11. Is there Physical rule of Time phenomenon, of sensing nature?

12. Is there when? Does it exist? Where? What is the magnitude and measures?

13. Is Time and Zero are the root of human erratic thinking, reasoning, and judgment?

14. The quantum of such questions may be duplicated for each Rule-of-Law, as well as Rule-of-Time; and indicating that the Judiciary and justice system is primitive to the degree that it is in-use as a business to serve the well being of Gods and Goddesses, by collecting bias revenues.

15. Therefore, human is in need for the Alterity of Jurisprudence to maintain progressive civilization.

16. Whether Time or Rules may, or may not, occur in the reverse order?

17. Why the processes of (space-time, duration, coordinates, magnitude, status, and dimensions) occur in temporal-order of events? Where?

18. Why the processes of (space-time, duration, coordinates, magnitude, status, and dimensions) occur in temporal-order of events? Where?

19. Would the reverse order of Time occur? If (Time is an illusion), (it shall have voice order of civilisation).

03. Aims & Objectives

1. Reveal how the researcher find ways to engage Legal Doctrine in developing an appropriate non-critical, but innovative doctoral bible of reference;

2. Investigate how the researcher practices have the potential to improve research experiences;

3. Understand the nature and process of theorising, how researcher practices form part of a curriculum designed to support researcher in using theory to develop practice of applications.

"The aim(s) and objective(s) of this research project are to empower the litigant with….."

How will the researcher enrich existing approaches in their chosen area of study?

1. the tool-of-confidence, of void illusive Rule-of-Time;

2. the tool-of-just, of void illusive Rule-of-Law base Time;

3. the biblical tool-of-logic, of reasoning (if-then), as a language of persuasion;

4. the factual tool-of-Lex-Talionis (1750 BC), which was applied in the Old-Testament;

5. the tool-of-window, of Human Rights;

6. the tool-of-virtual reality, of an open court system;

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absolute: (noun) in Philosophy, it refers to a value or principle which is regarded as universally valid or which may be viewed without relation to other things (Oxford Dictionary); the expression of absolute (adj) may also refer to not qualified or diminished in any way or total; or viewed or existing independently and not in relation to other things, or not relative or comparative; or of a construction Grammar, synthetically independent of the rest of sentence.

When: interrogative adverb at what Time; or relative adverb at or on which (referring to a Time or circumstances); or conjunction at at or during the Time that, or after, or at any Time that; or after which; and just then (implying suddenness); or in view of the fact that; or although; or whereas (Oxford Dictionary).

13. Future work (Expectation)

If (Pillars Parthenon), then (Judiciary pillar shall be the foundation pillar for progressive society), see illustration.

The immanent progressive development from the present suggested work base:

 void Rule-of-Law base

 void illusive Rule-of-Time,

 evolve logic of thinking-and-reasoning base-

 Extra-Terrestrial order of Lex-Talionis 1750 BC base the physical matter of knowledge will enable the AI-base-Judgment and order of the instance of event in the absence of illusive Time. This is not only conceptual base of Pillar Judiciary, but the sailing of new civilization in Noah Arc-II

Future work and applications will be the Virtual-Reality of AI-base-Judgment of the event of the instance. This is the Semitic development of just progressive society of the UNESCO Rock at Jerusalem Temple Mount. Thus, the research applicant/Litigant shall be the ideal candidate to facilitate for, in this present unique opportunity of just reasons. The Applicant/Litigant takes this opportunity to thank the Advisory Committee for its efforts, and look forward for its interview.

14. Limitations (constraint of the event of instances, and boundaries of the study that were determined)

Q/A: Describe conditions beyond the researcher control that place restrictions on what the researcher can do, and the conclusions the researcher may be able to draw.

The risk assessment reflects the limitation. The researcher must self-evaluate it as a daily routine. litigant’s limitations may come from different direction and at any moment of the instance, such as:

 factors concerning the field work, i.e. court case, which could be problematic because of:

o Financial aspect related to costs of legal services;

o Legal advisory team;

o Court admin;

o Security, such as the physical aspect;

o Availability of an open court trial, etc; and the deceptive means of the perpetrators legal teams and private detective that use to abuse every loop-hole available against the litigant in a court case;

 The library base work is expected to run smoothly, due to the thorough search of the past decade;

 The supervisors and advisory team, if any, may suggest other factors, and these have serious discussion;

 The researcher prefers home-base library work, which may help to reduce expenditures & risks, if any;

 The health point of the researcher is expected to run smoothly, with no disabilities;

 The bottom line is that, if (field work become problematic), then (its cancellation may not affect the conceptual theoretical development of PhD-in-Law). The research without the actual field work may be good enough to stand for successful viva. This depends of the approval of related academic supervisors.

Delimitations: The researcher agrees on learning experience, as described in the scope (section 4, pg 5)

Count < 06,000 Words

References

Almossawi (Yisrael) Global Pedagogy 2002-24; ISSN: 1740-9527 (Print) & ISSN: 1742-819X (Online) Publisher:

1. [http://www.eisrael.co.uk/bibliograhy.html]

2. [http://www.eisrael.co.uk] and [http://www.king.eisrael.co.uk]

3. References on pages (19-25) of (≈19K-words) are available. If (requested), then (authenticity).

Materials (High profile of UNESCO Hebrew Project of the Rock @ Jerusalem Temple Mount)

 This may include original court material evidence (Hull.ac.uk) needed for HM-CTS, & team-of-SRA advisor.

 Factual evidence were received by late HM EII-R in 2016 and published on print (ISSN: 1740-9527) and on-line (ISSN: 1742-819X), which was hosted on the internet addresses: www.eisrael.co.uk (2016-22); www.1742-819x.eu (2021-31); and www.eisrael.eu (2024-31).

The TV broadcast means of soft/hard-ware, to be available in agreement with related parties & supervisors.

If (do not speak or look-alike the way our mother use to),

then (there shall be no room for slave-foreigners

between the English rats of the Crown)

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